硅油乳液的制备及生土表面防水性能研究

关键字：生土材料,乳化剂,乳化硅油,耐水性

（天津城建大学 材料科学与工程学院，天津  300384）
 

    摘要：利用转相乳化法，以甲基硅油为主要原料，非离子型表面活性剂AE0-3和E-1007为乳化剂，探究了硅油乳化工艺中乳化剂配比及用量等因素对乳液性能的影响，并将制备的不同硅油含量的乳液涂覆到生土表面，对其进行吸水率、接触角以及微观形貌测试分析。结果表明：在乳化剂最佳配比为m（AE0-3）∶m（E-1007）=0.19∶0.31，乳化剂用量为5%的条件下，能够制得性能优良的硅油乳液；不同含量硅油乳液（10%、15%、20%、25%）均使生土块1 h吸水率降至7.5%以下，其中涂覆25%硅油乳液生土块的吸水率仅有2.35%，接触角高达120°；微观形貌分析可知，硅油乳液在生土表面形成一层致密的防水膜，填补了生土块内部的缝隙，从而提高了生土块的防水性。
    关键词：生土材料；乳化剂；乳化硅油；耐水性
    中图分类号：TU57+2        文献标识码：A        文章编号：1001-702X（2017）02-0141-04

The preparation of silicone oil emulsion and its application of surface waterproof in raw soil material
LIU Hongli，LI Jiadong，LI Jing，CHU Peng，YANG Jiujun，ZHANG Lei
（School of Materials Science and Engineering，Tianjin Chengjian University，Tianjin 300384，China）

    Abstract：Using the phase inversion emulsification method，the silicone oil was prepared by methyl silicone oil as the main raw material，non-ionic surfactants AE0-3 and E-1007 as emulsifiers. The preparation conditions affecting the performance of silicone oil emulsion were discussed，including the mass ratio of emulsifiers and the amount of the emulsifier. Then the different silicone oil content of emulsion coated to the surface of a raw soil，conducted a water absorption rate，contact angle and SEM microscopic test. The results showed that，the best ratio of emulsifier was m（AE0-3）∶m（E-1007）=0.19∶0.31，emulsifier concentration 5% （related to total emulsion amount），in these condition can obtain excellent performance silicone emulsion. The silicone oil emulsion with different content（10%，15%，20%，25%） could make the raw soil to have an average water absorption rate reduced to 7.5% or less individually in 1h，of which 25% silicone emulsion coating raw clods of water absorption was only 2.35%，the contact angle up to 120°. Micro structure analysis shows that silicone oil emulsion forms a dense layer of waterproof membrane in raw soil surface，filling the clod internal cracks so as to improve the water resistance of the raw clod.
    Key words：raw soil materials，emulsifier，silicone oil emulsion，water resistance