耐水型磷石膏砌块的制备及其防水机理的研究

关键字：磷石膏砌块,耐水,制备,防水机理研究

（1.贵州大学 材料与冶金学院高分子材料与工程系，贵州 贵阳  550025；2.贵州大学 化学与化工学院，贵州 贵阳  550025）

      摘要：在磷石膏粉中掺入丙烯酸酯/石蜡复合乳液、硬脂酸乳液、含氢硅油乳液等憎水材料制备了磷石膏砌块，通过不同的防水途径和材料间的协同作用，显著提高了磷石膏砌块的耐水性能。当丙烯酸酯/石蜡复合乳液、硬脂酸乳液、含氢硅油乳液、三乙醇胺、氯化钠、亚硝酸钠的用量分别为磷石膏质量的4%、1%、0.5%、0.2%、1%、1%时，制备的石膏砌块具有较好的防水性能，经测试2 h和24 h吸水率分别降低了45.9%和33.6%，24 h抗折和抗压软化系数分别升高了64.7%和79.2%。有机憎水剂的引入可以有效阻止水分入侵，含氢硅油和丙烯酸酯形成的立体交织网膜是对石蜡和硬脂酸阻水的有力补充，而三乙醇胺、NaCl和NaNO2的引入可使石膏砌块内部微观结构得到修补与完善，对石膏砌块的防水也起着基础性的作用。

      关键词：磷石膏砌块；耐水；制备；防水机理研究

      中图分类号：TU522.3；TQ177.375  文献标识码：A   文章编号：1001-702X（2017）01-0068-03  

 

The preparation of water resistant phosphogypsum block and the research on waterproof mechanism

ZHU Dayong1，WANG Jun1，JIN Xu2，LU Shengjun1，WANG Caihong2

（1.Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering，College of Materials and Metallurgy，Guizhou University，Guiyang 550025，China；2.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering，Guizhou University，Guiyang 550025，China）

      Abstract：Phosphogypsum gypsum blocks were prepared by adding some water-repellent materials into the phosphogypsum powder，such as acrylate/paraffin composite emulsion，stearic acid emulsion，silicone oil emulsion，and so on. The water resistance of phosphogypsum blocks was significantly improved by the different waterproof ways and the synergy effect between the different materials. The gypsum blocks showed a better waterproofness when the quantity of the acrylate/paraffin composite emulsion，stearic acid emulsion，silicone oil emulsion，triethanolamine，sodium chloride，sodium nitrite fit 4%，1%，0.5%，0.2%，1%，1%，respectively. And then the water absorption of 2 h and 24 h were decreased by 45.9% and 33.6%. The 24 h flexural softening and compressive softening coefficient substantially increased by 64.7% and 79.2%. The result showed that organic hydrophobic agent can effectively prevent moisture intrusion，the three-dimensional interleaving omentum formed by synergy of hydrogen silicone and acrylate were a strong complement for water resistance，and the introduction of triethanolamine，NaCl and NaNO2 can repair the internal microstructure in gypsum blocks，which also played a fundamental role.

      Key words：phosphorus gypsum block，water resistant，preparation，waterproof mechanism study