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屋面绿化卷材降雨入渗及蒸发特征研究
作者：苏晓敏1，李绍才1，孙海龙2
（1.四川大学 生命科学学院，生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室，四川 成都 610065；
2.四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610065）
摘要：以新型屋面绿化卷材为研究对象，采用人工模拟降雨的方法，探究不同开孔率对绿化卷材降雨产流、入渗及蒸发特征的影响。结果表明：水分入渗通道开孔率对绿化卷材降雨产流、入渗速率及入渗量影响显著。在相同雨强下，开孔率越大，所需产流时间越长，卷材的入渗雨量越多。入渗速率随着降雨时间的延长而呈下降趋势，产流速率随降雨时间的延长不断增大直至稳定产流。蒸发主要发生在白天，开孔率显著影响卷材的日蒸发量，日蒸发量极差与累积蒸发量均随开孔率的增大而增大。为屋面绿化卷材开孔率的优化改进提供了合理的设计思路。
关键词：绿化卷材；降雨产流；入渗；蒸发；开孔率
中图分类号：TU57+6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2018）10-0121-05
Study on rainfall infiltration and evaporation characteristics of roof greening membrane
SU Xiaomin1，LI Shaocai1，SUN Hailong2
（1.Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education，
College of Life Science，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065，China；
2.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610065，China）
Abstract：Taking new roof greening membrane as the research object，artificial rainfall method was used to investigate the effects of different rainfall intensity and open area ratio on rainfall runoff，infiltration and evaporation characteristics of roof greening membrane. The results show that the ratio of aperture area of water infiltration channel significantly affects the rainfall runoff of greening membrane. In the same rain intensity，the larger the aperture area ratio，the longer the runoff time，the more rainfall infiltration. The infiltration rate showed a downward trend with the increase of rainfall time. The runoff rate increased with the extension of rainfall time until steady runoff. Evaporation occurs mainly during the day，and the aperture area ratio significantly affects the daily evaporation of the coil. This study provides a reasonable design idea for the optimization of the aperture area ratio of roof greening membrane.
Key words：greening coil，rainfall runoff，infiltration，evaporation，aperture area ratio