- 目录
- 新型墙体材料与施工
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相变石膏板在轻质装配式建筑中的应用与全年效果实测
作者：李帆1，陈红霞1，孙晓雨2，王馨2，武发德1，滕伟广1
（1.北新集团建材股份有限公司，北京 100096；2.清华大学 建筑学院，北京 100084）
摘要：相变蓄能建材可改善建筑热舒适、降低运行能耗。基于规模化生产的相变石膏板，搭建了轻质装配式实验建筑（河北涿州），并进行了全年多工况测试。结果表明：冬季可平均降低供暖耗电量0.59 （kW·h）/d，节能率5.2%，特定空调间歇运行工况下节能率高达11.0%；夏季平均增大制冷耗电量0.30 （kW·h）/d；过渡季可提升热舒适时长占比约15.6%，配合夜间通风可降低日间最高温度3.2 ℃，改善过热问题。当地气候下使用相变石膏板可改善室内热舒适，并降低全年空调运行能耗。为进一步提升相变蓄热应用效果，需考虑材料热物性、气象条件、主被动运行策略的系统优化。
关键词：相变石膏板；装配式；建筑节能；热舒适
中图分类号：TU111.4+8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2020）10-0113-06
Application and annual running performance test of a light fabricated building with phase-change gypsum boards
LI Fan1，CHEN Hongxia1，SUN Xiaoyu2，WANG Xin2，WU Fade1，TENG Weiguang1
（1.Beijing New Building Materials Public Limited Company，Beijing 100096，China；
2.School of Architecture，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China）
Abstract：Phase-change energy storage materials in buildings can improve indoor thermal comfort and reduce operation energy consumption. Adopting phase-change gypsum boards from scale manufacture，lightweight prefabricated experimental buildings were built and tested in multiple working conditions throughout the year（Zhuozhou，Hebei Province）. The results showed that in winter the electricity consumption for heating could be reduced by 0.59 （kW·h）/d on average，with an energy saving rate of 5.2%；with a specific intermittent operation strategy of the air conditioner， the energy saving rate can reach 11.0%. In summer， the electricity consumption for heating was increased by 0.30 （kW·h）/d. In the transitional seasons，the thermal comfort duration could be increased by 15.6%. With the strategy of night ventilation，the maximum indoor temperature in the daytime could be reduced by 3.2 ℃，which effectively alleviated the overheating problem. For the overall performance under local climate throughout the year，the use of phase-change gypsum boards presented the improvement of thermal comfort and a reduction of electricity consumption. To further improve the application performance of phase-change energy storage materials in buildings，the synergistic optimization of material thermal properties，meteorological conditions and operation strategies of active or passive systems should be researched.
Key words：phase-change gypsum boards，prefabricated building，building energy conservation，thermal comfort