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多孔涂层中甲醛吸附扩散的研究
作者：赵云鹏，冀志江，王静，匡猛
（中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 绿色建筑材料国家重点实验室，北京 100024）
摘要：针对室内甲醛污染问题，利用矿物涂层的多孔性，对甲醛进行吸附处理。通过改变涂层中填料比例，研究孔径结构对甲醛气体吸附扩散性能的影响，并利用XRD、SEM、氮气吸附仪对涂层进行表征。结果表明，涂层的孔结构和孔径分布对甲醛的吸附和扩散影响较大。添加硅藻土可以有效改变矿物涂层的比表面积和孔径分布，有利于甲醛的扩散，提高吸附量。2 mm厚多孔涂层的比表面积为2.4976 m2/g，甲醛24 h吸附量为6.923 mg/m2，添加10 ％和20％硅藻土的多孔涂层比表面积分别为5.023、6.1086 m2/g，甲醛24 h吸附量分别可达7.249、7.414 mg/m2。改变填料是优化涂层结构和表面有效可行的方法，使多孔涂层有望实际应用于治理室内甲醛污染。
关键词：多孔涂层；甲醛；吸附；扩散；硅藻土
中图分类号：TU56+1.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2020）11-0064-05
Adsorption and diffusion of formaldehyde in porous coatings
Zhao Yunpeng，Ji Zhijiang，Wang Jing，Kuang Meng
（State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials，China Building Materials Academy，Beijing 100024，China）
Abstract：In order to solve the indoor formaldehyde pollution problem，the mineral coatings were used to adsorb formaldehyde because of its porosity. By changing the proportion of filler in the mineral coatings，the effects of the pore structure on the adsorption and diffusion performance of formaldehyde gas were studied by the double-chamber method. The coatings were characterized by XRD，SEM and nitrogen adsorption and the results show that the pore structure and pore size distribution of the porous mineral coatings have important effects on the adsorption and diffusion of formaldehyde. Adding diatomite to the porous coatings can effectively change the specific surface area and pore volume of the mineral coatings，which is conducive to the diffusion of formaldehyde and increase the amount of formaldehyde adsorption. The specific surface area of the 2 mm thick coating is 2.4976 mg/m2，and the amount of formaldehyde adsorption can reach 6.923 mg/m2 within 24 hours. The specific surface area of the porous coatings containing 10% and 20% diatomite were 5.023 m2/g and 6.1086 m2/g respectively. And the formaldehyde adsorption capacity at 24 h were 7.249 mg/m2 and 7.414 mg/m2 respectively. These results have demonstrated that changing filler is a feasible and effective method for optimizing the structure and surface of coatings，enabling coatings to become a promising candidate for the adsorption of formaldehyde in practical applications.
Key words：porous coating，formaldehyde，adsorption，diffusion，diatomite