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磷-氮-硼系水性聚氨酯阻燃涂料的制备及应用
作者：苏杰，周波，石杨
（四川大学 建筑与环境学院，四川 成都 610000）
摘要：为制备高效、环保的复合型木材阻燃涂料，采用正交试验法，以水性聚氨酯为基料，以木材的热释放速率（HRR）和成碳率为考察指标，对磷-氮-硼系阻燃涂料中的硼酸锌（ZnB）、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐（MPP）、空心玻璃微珠（HGB）的用量进行优化。结果表明，ZnB、MPP、HGB的最优用量分别为7.5%、10%、15%。进而对优化后的涂料进行燃烧测试，并对其阻燃机理进行了系统的分析。与原木相比，涂刷阻燃涂料的木材的热释放总量（THR）、总烟雾生成量（TSP）分别减少了29%和49%，残碳量增加了63%。
关键词：磷-氮-硼系阻燃涂料；水性聚氨酯；木材；正交试验；锥形量热；热重分析
中图分类号：TU54+5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2021）02-0030-06
Preparation and application of P-N-B waterborne polyurethane fire-retardant coating
SU Jie，ZHOU Bo，SHI Yang
（School of Architecture and Environment，Sichuan University，Chengdu 610000，China）
Abstract：In order to prepare efficient and environmentally friendly composite wood fire-retardant coating，the orthogonal test method was used to optimize the additive amount of zinc borate（ZNB），melamine polyphosphate（MPP） and hollow glass bead（HGB） in the P-N-B fire-retardant coating，taking the heat release rate（HRR） and carbon formation rate of wood as the investigation indexes. The results showed that the optimal additive amount of ZNB，MPP and HGB were 7.5%，10% and 15%，respectively. Then，the combustion test of the optimized coating was carried out，and its fire-retardant mechanism was systematically analyzed. The results showed that，compared with log，the total heat release（THR） and total smoke production（TSP） of wood coated with fire-retardant coating decreased by 29% and 49%，respectively，and the carbon residue amount increased by 63%.
Key words：P-N-B fire-retardant coating，waterborne polyurethane，wood，orthogonal test，cone calorimeter，thermogravimetric analysis