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黏土对聚羧酸减水剂性能影响的研究进展
作者：夏正奕1，杨勇1，王涛1，黄振1，冉千平1，2
（1.高性能土木工程材料国家重点实验室，江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司，江苏 南京 211103；
2.东南大学 材料科学与工程学院，江苏省土木工程材料重点实验室，江苏 南京 211189）
摘要：简要分析了聚羧酸减水剂与黏土的作用机理，并对近年来国内外聚羧酸减水剂在黏土耐受性方面的研究进行了总结。可以通过以下几种方式对聚羧酸进行设计与调节，提高聚羧酸减水剂对黏土的耐受性：增大侧链的空间位阻；引入特殊官能团或结构，如磺酸基、磷酸基、酰胺基、季铵阳离子等；引入不含聚乙二醇结构的聚醚。这些方法可以在一定程度上减弱黏土对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附，从而表现出对黏土的耐受性。同时对现阶段的研究中仍需解决的问题进行了归纳，并对未来聚羧酸减水剂在黏土耐受性方面的研究进行展望。
关键词：聚羧酸减水剂；黏土；作用机理；耐受性
中图分类号：TU528.042+.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2022）09-0095-05
Research progress on the effect of clay on the performance of polycarboxylate superplasticizer
XIA Zhengyi1，YANG Yong1，WANG Tao1，HUANG Zhen1，RAN Qianping1，2
（1.State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials，Jiangsu Subote New Materials Co. Ltd.，Nanjing 211103，China；
2.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Southeast University，Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Materials of Jiangsu Province，Nanjing 211189，China）
2.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Southeast University，Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Materials of Jiangsu Province，Nanjing 211189，China）
Abstract：This article analyzes the mechanism of action of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer and clay，and summarizes the research on the tolerance of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer at home and abroad in recent years briefly. The polycarboxylic acid can be designed and adjusted in the following ways to improve the tolerance of the polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer to clay：Increase the steric hindrance of the side chain. Introduce special functional groups or structures，such as sulfonic acid groups，phosphoric acid groups，amide groups，quaternary ammonium cations，etc. Introduce polyether without polyethylene glycol structure. These methods can weaken the clay's adsorption of polycarboxylic acid to a certain extent，thus showing its tolerance to clay. At the end of the article，the problems that still need to be solved in the current research are summarized，and the future research of polycarboxylate water-reducing agent in clay tolerance is prospected.
Key words：polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer，clay，mechanism，tolerance