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民用建筑室内挥发性有机化合物测试分析及污染特征
作者：张正正1，董志勇1，韩旭1，栗超2，王志霞1
（1.中国建筑科学研究院有限公司，北京 100013；2.北京北控置业集团有限公司，北京 100023）
摘要：依据GB/T 18883—2022《室内空气质量标准》采集北京城区新装修不满1年的住宅室内空气样品，分析室内空气中醛酮、TVOC浓度水平，探究民用建筑室内挥发性有机化合物的污染水平与特征。结果表明：北京城区民用建筑室内空气TVOC中未识别组分占比达70%；室内醛酮化合物均有检出，甲醛、乙醛、丙酮三者浓度之和占比63.3%；分析出室内27种主要挥发性有机化合物，且卤代烃的污染日趋严重；与其他国家和城市比较，北京城区室内甲醛浓度水平较高，仅刚能符合GB/T 18883—2022的要求。
关键词：民用建筑；室内；TVOC；甲醛；醛酮化合物；卤代烃
中图分类号：TU502 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-702X（2023）04-0066-07
Test and analysis of indoor volatile organic compounds in civil buildings and their pollution characteristics
ZHANG Zhengzheng1，DONG Zhiyong1，HAN Xu1，LI Chao2，WANG Zhixia1
（1.China Academy of Building Research，Beijing 100013，China；
2.Beijing Beikong Real Estate Group Co. Ltd.，Beijing 100023，China）
Abstract：According to the standard GB/T 18883—2022 "Indoor Air Quality Standard"，indoor air samples of newly renovated residential buildings less than 1 year in Beijing urban area were collected to analyze the concentration levels of aldehydes，ketones and TVOC in indoor air，and to explore the pollution levels and characteristics of indoor volatile organic compounds in civil buildings. The results show that the proportion of unidentified components in TVOC of indoor air in Beijing urban residential buildings reaches 70%；Formaldehyde and ketone compounds were detected indoors，and the concentration of formaldehyde，acetaldehyde and acetone accounted for 63.3% of the total. 27 kinds of volatile organic compounds were analyzed，and the pollution of halogenated hydrocarbons became more and more serious；Compared with other countries and cities，the indoor formaldehyde concentration level in Beijing urban area is relatively high，which only meets the requirements of GB/T 18883—2022.
Key words：civil building，indoor，TVOC，formaldehyde，aldehyde and ketone compounds，halohydrocarbon